NEIL W. TENNANT

tennant.9@osu.edu

If you email me, please use the header PHIL 455: YOURNAME.


Professor
Department of Philosophy



Spring Term 2008

PHIL 455: Philosophy of Science

Lecture/Seminar
University Hall 0147
TR 12:30 - 2:18 p.m.

Administrative announcements

Aims of this course. We aim to become conversant with all the major concepts and controversies of mainstream discussion in the 'general' philosophy of science (as opposed to its more specialized areas, such as the philosophy of quantum physics).

Topics. We shall be covering topics drawn from the following list: Scientific description, prediction, and explanation. The hypothetico-deductive method. Inference to the best explanation. Theory and evidence. Observable v. theoretical entities. The problem of induction. Criteria for theory-choice.

Readings: A selection of downloadable .pdf files will be made available at this spot on the webpage by the beginning of term. The instructor will be choosing important classic papers in the field, which cannot be found all together in any available anthology.

Explanation

  1. Hempel, Carl G. and Paul Oppenheim. (1948) 'Studies in the Logic of Explanation', Philosophy of Science, vol. 16, pp. 135-175.
  2. Harman, G. (1965) 'The Inference to the Best Explanation', Philosophical Review 74, pp. 88-95..
  3. Friedman, M. (1974) 'Explanation and Scientific Understanding', Journal of Philosophy 71, pp. 5-19.
  4. Thagard, P. (1978) 'The Best Explanation: Criteria for Theory Choice', Journal of Philosophy 75, pp. 76-92.
  5. Kitcher, P. (1981) 'Explanatory Unification', Philosophy of Science 48, pp. 507-531.
  6. Salmon, W.S. (1984) 'Scientific Explanation: Three Basic Conceptions', PSA Vol. 2, pp. 293-305.
Theory and observation
  1. Hempel, Carl G. (1951) 'Problems and Changes in the Empiricist Criterion of Cognitive Significance', Revue International de Philosophie 41, pp. 41-63
  2. Quine, W.V.O. (1951) 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism', Philosophical Review 60. pp.20-43.
  3. Feyerabend, P. (1965) 'On the "Meaning" of Scientific Terms', Journal of Philosophy, 62, pp. 266-74.
  4. Putnam, H. (1965) 'Craig's Theorem', Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 62, No. 10. (May 13, 1965), pp. 251-260.
  5. Lewis, D. (1970) 'How to Define Theoretical Terms', Journal of Philosophy, 67 pp. 427-46.
  6. Quine, W.V.O. (1993) 'In Praise of Observation Sentences', Journal of Philosophy, 90 (3), pp.107-116.
Theory change, rationality, incommensurability
  1. Shapere, D. (1964) 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions', Philosophical Review XXIII, pp. 383-94.
  2. Field, H. (1973) 'Theory Change and the Indeterminacy of Reference', Journal of Philosophy, 70, pp. 462-81.
  3. Fine, A. (1975) 'How to Compare Theories: Reference and Change', Nous, 9, pp. 17-32.
  4. Kitcher, P. (1978) 'Theories, Theorists & Theoretical Change', Philosophical Review 87, pp. 519-547.
  5. Worrall, J. (1982) 'Scientific Realism and Scientific Change', Philosophical Quarterly 32, pp. 201-231.
Realism
  1. Boyd, R. (1973) 'Realism, Underdetermination and a Causal Theory of Evidence', Nous 7, pp. 1-12.
  2. Putnam, H. (1982) 'Three Kinds of Scientific Realism', Philosophical Quarterly 32, pp. 195-200.
  3. Laudan, L. (1981) 'A Confutation of Convergent Realism', Philosophy of Science 48, pp. 19-49.
Laws
  1. Dretske, F. I (1977) 'Laws of Nature', Philosophy of Science, 44, pp. 248-68.

Background reading
(those in bold face are on Reserve in the Main Library):

A useful on-line bibliography in philosophy of science

Assessment:
Item Date due Weight
Term paper Friday, May 30 100%
Class attendance and participation Every session! An adjustment factor

Policy on attendance at classes

Plagiarism

Advice on writing essays

Term paper due on Friday, May 31; worth 100% of grade (modulo an adjustment factor for participation and attendance).

Write about 4000 words on one of the following topics. The material will be easy to find in the downloadable readings.

1. @.

2. @.

3. @.