“The Savage Wars of Peace”?

I. Callwell’s concept of a “Small War”

II. Difficulties and challenges of Small Wars

A. Unknown peoples, acting in unexpected manners

B. Unknown terrain

C. Disease

D. Insufficient support and supplies

1) reliance upon “native troops”

Technological Advantage and the Gun Revolution

I. Muzzle-loaders

A. Flintlocks

B. percussion caps, rifling, oblong bullets, paper cartridges

C. Countermarch

D. British Brown Bess, Enfield Rifle

II. Breechloaders

A. Prussian Dreyse needle-gun

B. British Snider-Enfields, Martini-Henry

C. French Gras

D. Prussian Mauser

III. Maxim machine gun

IV. Impact of breechloaders on imperial conflict