Lecture 6: Cultural, Social, and Political Transformations
I.
Announcements
and Review
A.
Announcements
1.
Midterm
study guide will be available this week
2.
We will
not be reading the Fanny Lewald selection this week
B.
Review
C.
Questions
1.
what is
the relationship between the ideologies of the early 19th century and
industrialization?
2.
what is
the relationship between the historical changes of the first half of the
nineteenth century and industrialization?
3.
what was
a bigger influence in early 19th century Europe: Napoleon, industrialization, or the
French Revolution?
4.
what
characterized middle class and working class culture in 19th century Europe?
What is the relationship between the rise of these classes and
industrialization?
5.
Why do
the middle classes embrace a certain set of ideologies, while the working
classes embrace another?
6.
what
kinds of political transformations did Europeans experience during the first
half of the 19th
century? How were the political challenges of the 1830s and 1848
different from those of the 18th century?
II.
Middle
Class Ideologies, Middle Class Movements
A.
Middle
Class Culture
1. Consumption and wealth
2. subculture of youth
3. public education
4. Separate spheres
5. concern with social
problems
6. Development of new
ideologies
B.
Middle
Class Ideologies
1. Romanticism
2. Conservatism
a.
ideology
b.
Examples
3. utilitarianism
4. Liberalism
a.
economic
program
b.
political
and social program
c.
examples
5. Nationalism
III.
Working
Classes
A.
Introduction
B.
Movements
for change
1. creation of labor
organizations
2. Chartism
3. use of violence
4. socialism:
a.
early
socialists
b.
early
communism
c.
Marxism
5. Marxism
C. Working Class Culture
Questions for Lecture and Section
1.
how did
the different classes come about? In what way were these new inventions?
2.
what is
romanticism? Nationalism? Conservativism? Liberalism? Socialism?
3.
Who was
Goethe? What is the poem Ò ÒThe Erkling about? Is it an example of
romanticism? Why or why not?
4.
If you
were to look at a map of Europe at this time, what countries would you identify
as having liberal rulers? Conservative rulers? Which areas are most
influenced by nationalism? By industrial change? By working class
demands?
5.
What is
the essential argument in The Communist Manifesto? Why was this deemed so
radical in its time?
TERMS
Separate spheres
Romanticism
Goethe
Mary Shelley
Conservatism
Edmund Burke
Congress of Vienna
Metternich
King Frederick William III; King Frederick William IV
Louis XVIII
Emperor Nicholas I
Liberalism
Corn Laws
Polish revolts of 1830
House of Commons
Reform Bill in 1832
Nationalism
Carlsbad decrees
Strike
Chartism
PeopleÕs Charter ( 1838)
Luddism
Early socialists
Utopians
Robert Owen
Claude Henri de Saint-Simon (1760-1825) and Charles Fourier (1772-1832)
Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895)
The Conditions of the Working Class
Marxism
The Communist Manifesto
Domesticity
diaspora