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Marjorie K.M. Chan

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ohio state university
Chinese 683
   
AUTUMN QUARTER 2006


CHINESE 683
Study of the Chinese Writing System

Professor Marjorie K.M. Chan
Dept. of E. Asian Lang. & Lit.
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH 43210
U.S.A.

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COURSE: Chinese 683. Study of the Chinese Writing System
Credits & Call No:   5 credits.   U G   04914-1
Prerequisites:   Chinese 103 or equivalent, or permission of instructor (2+ years of Chinese recommended)
Course page:   http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9/c683.htm
TIME & PLACE: F     1:30 - 4:18 p.m.
159 Hagerty Hall (1775 College Road)   (Experimental Classroom)
OFFICE HOURS: T   3:30 - 5:00 p.m., or by appointment
Office:   362 Hagerty Hall   (1775 College Road)
Tel:        292.3619   (292-5816 for messages, 292.3225 for faxes)
E-mail:   chan.9 @osu.edu   (close the gap)
MC's Home Page:
MC's ChinaLinks:
http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9
http://ChinaLinks.osu.edu

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TEXTBOOKS
  1. Chen, Ping. 1999. Modern Chinese: History and Sociolinguistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [ISBN: 0-521-64572-7 (pbk). PL1083 .C525 1999] (Required. Available from SBX (1806 N. High Street, (Tel) 291.9528).

  2. Erbaugh, Mary S., ed. 2002. Difficult Characters: Interdisciplinary Studies of Chinese and Japanese Writing. Columbus, OH: National East Asian Language Resource Center, Ohio State University. [ISBN: 0-87415-344-1 (pbk). PL1171 .D54 2002] (Required. Available from SBX.)

  3. Additional Readings:
    A few readings are e-journal articles that can be retrieved from OSU's online catalog. First, go to OSU Libraries <library.osu.edu>, and under Quicklinks, select "E-Journals" and find the relevant e-journal title. Alternatively, go to OhioLINK's Electronic Journal Center (EJC) to locate the e-journal. (Note that one can also click "Search" at the EJC catalog website to locate a specific e-journal article via author name, article title, etc.)

    Some readings are scanned to PDF format by Electronic Reserves and are available for downloading at OSU Libraries. (Click under Quicklinks and select either "Reserves by Course" or "Reserves by Professor").

    Other readings will be made available during the course.

Sullivant (Main) Library Reserve and Electronic Reserves:
Some reference books are placed on Reserve in Sullivant (Main) Library (3-day loans), as well as the two textbooks (2-hour loans). (Note: Reserved materials for a given course are listed online for the current quarter only.)

Note: The William Oxley Thompson Library -- a.k.a. "Main Library" -- is currently under renovation. Main Library Reserve is now housed in Sullivant Library, serving as the temporary Main Library. For where collections are stored during this three-year renovation project beginning this fall, consult OSU Libraries for changes and updates.

Check OSU Libraries <library.osu.edu> for an online list of books and readings placed on Reserve and for readings in PDF format on E-Reserves for Chinese 683. Under Quicklinks, select either "Reserves by Course" or "Reserves by Professor".


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COURSE DESCRIPTION
The Chinese writing system has been in continuous use for over three millennia, serving the longest, uninterrupted literary tradition in the world today. Moreover, up to about the end of the eighteenth century, over half of all the books published in the world were written in the Chinese script, a logographic, morpho-syllabic writing system. Against this backdrop, this course is a linguistic study of the Chinese writing system, covering the origin, classification, composition, and development of the Chinese script. Also covered are such related topics as language reform, reading and processing of Chinese characters, cultural aspects of the script, dialect-writing, and language policies that impact China's national minorities.

Top COURSE OJECTIVES & EXPECTED OUTCOMES
This course aims to provide students with an overview of the history and development of the Chinese writing system. The course forms the foundation for further pedagogical and/or linguistic research.

Students are expected at the end of the course to have acquired a basic understanding of the history and development of the Chinese script, together with knowledge of related topics, and be challenged to explore and research further on some of the topics that were covered in the course.


Top COURSE CONTENT
The course surveys topics of relevance to the Chinese writing system. It covers the origin, classification, and development of the Chinese script. The course also studies the history of language reform in China, including simplification and phoneticization. Other topics covered may include gender-linked issues, dialect-writing, hybridized Chinese-alphabetic loanwords, psycholinguistic studies on reading and the processing of Chinese characters, and other topics.

The course will be conducted through lectures combined with class discussions of assigned readings, individual and small-group assignments in class, and students' presentation of homework assignments and their individual final project. A mailing list for the class will also be used for dissemination of information and student-initiated discussions concerning topics brought up in class.

Autumn Quarter 2006's offering of Chinese 683 is in the Experimental Classroom in 159 Hagerty Hall, with 20 computer stations (one per student). As a result, class activities will be modified from previous years' offering of the course to explore, as part of class activities, the use of computer technology in learning about the Chinese writing system.


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STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES
  1. Read and reflect on all assigned readings prior to class lectures and discussion.
  2. Attend class regularly, and participate actively in class discussions and individual/group activities.
  3. Submit three homework assignments (each about 3-4 double-spaced pages, including references).[1]
  4. For the final project:
    1. Turn in a one-page, double-spaced, final project proposal with select references in Week 7. Submit a digital copy to the Dropbox for the course at Carmen.osu.edu.
    2. Submit a one-page progress report in digital form in Week 9 (upload to Carmen's Dropbox).
    3. Present an oral version of the final project at the end of the quarter.[2]
    4. Submit the final project (term paper and/or media-based project) in digital format. (The main text itself should be equivalent to about 10-12 double-spaced pages for undergraduate students, and about 15 double-spaced pages for graduate students.[3]
  5. All course assignments in digital format are to be uploaded to your Dropbox in Carmen.osu.edu under Chinese 683.
[1] These may be a combination of short reactions papers and written responses to specific questions from the instructor based on the readings and other resources. The assignments should be submitted in hardcopy format and in digital format (RTF, PDF, or HTML format).

[2] Prepare a digital file in PowerPoint format for a PowerPoint presentation in class.

[3] Submit the final project in digital format (RTF, DOC, PDF, or HTML) as well as a printed, hardcopy version (unless the project is entirely video-based).

DISABILITY SERVICES
Students with disabilities that have been certified by the Office for Disability Services will be appropriately accommodated, and should inform the instructor as soon as possible of their needs. The Office for Disability Services is located in 150 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Avenue (Tel: 292.3307. TDD: 292.0901)

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY (ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT)
Academic integrity is essential to maintaining an environment that fosters excellence in teaching, research, and other educational and scholarly activities. Failure to follow the rules and guidelines established in OSU's Code of Student Conduct may constitute "Academic Misconduct." OSU's Code of Student Conduct (section 3335-23-04 Prohibited conduct) defines as academic misconduct "[a]ny activity that tends to compromise the academic integrity of the university, or subvert the educational process." Examples of academic misconduct include (but are not limited to) plagiarism, collusion (unauthorized collaboration), copying the work of another student, possession of unauthorized materials during an examination, and submission of the same work for credit in two (or more) courses. Ignorance of the University's Code of Student Conduct is never considered an "excuse" for academic misconduct; hence, be sure to review the sections dealing with academic misconduct in the Code of Student Conduct. Be sure also to read the University's Ten Suggestions for Preserving Academic Integrity and/or the Eight Cardinal Rules of Academic Integrity (from Northwestern U.). The University's policy on academic misconduct will be enforced in accordance with Faculty Rule 3335-5-54, and all alleged cases of academic misconduct will be reported to the Office of Academic Affairs' Committee on Academic Misconduct (COAM) for resolution. In addition, graduate students should be familiar with the Graduate Student Code of Research and Scholarly Conduct (pdf). Students with questions concerning the University's policies or questions concerning academic or research misconduct are encouraged to ask the instructor any time during the quarter.


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GRADING
There will be no midterm or final examination. Grading will be based on:

Class discussions/participation 30%
Homework assignments (3) 30%
Final project (all phases) 40%
------
100%

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SCHEDULE

Classes are held on Fridays.

This is a preliminary schedule. Reading selections may be modified when the quarter begins.
Computer-based class activities will be announced as the quarter progresses.


Next Schedule WEEK 1. CHINESE & OTHER WRITING SYSTEMS
09.22
  Part A
Orientation and Introduction

  • Course introduction, Carmen course management system, etc.

  • Lecture: Chinese and Other Writing Systems in China and the World

  • Reading: DeFrancis (2002)
  • Suppl. (= Optional) Reading: Erbaugh (2002)
  • 09.22
      Part B
    Other Class Activities

  • Introduction to Chinese computing (encodings, input methods, fonts, etc.)

  • Suppl. Reading (for reference): T. Chan (2003)

  • Next Prev WEEK 2. ORIGINS & DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHINESE SCRIPT
    09.29
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Keightley (1989)
  • Boltz (1996, 1999)
  • 09.29
      Part A
    Other Class Activities

  • 3:30-3:45 p.m.: Introduction to the Experimental Classroom (Dr. Rebecca Bias, FLC)


  • Next Prev WEEK 3. WRITING REFORM & SCRIPT SIMPLIFICATION
    10.06
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Chen (1999), Ch. 8 & 9
  • Chan & He (1988)
  • 10.06
      Part B
    Other Class Activities


    Next Prev WEEK 4. LANGUAGE, CULTURE & THE SEMANTIC COMPONENT
    10.13.
      Part A
    Readings:
  • T'sou (1981)
  • Ettner (2002)
  • Suppl. Reading: Zang (1995)
  • 10.13
      Part B
    Other Class Activities

    Guest Lecturer: Jing Yan, DEALL

  • Due: Homework Assignment 1.

  • Next Prev WEEK 5. WRITING REFORM & PHONETICIZATION SCHEMES
    10.20
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Chen (1999), Ch. 10
  • Mair (2002)
  • Cheng (2001) - skim
  • 10.20
      Part B
    Other Class Activities


    Next Prev WEEK 6. DIALECT WRITING & DIALECT LITERATURE
    10.27
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Chen (1999), Ch. 7
  • Gunn (2006)
  • Li (2000) - skim
  • Suppl. Reading: Chan (2005)
  • 10.27
      Part B
    Other Class Activities

  • Due: Homework Assignment 2.

  • Next Prev WEEK 7. SCRIPT, READING & FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVES
    11.03
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Tzeng (2002) - skim
  • Tzeng and Hung (2002)
  • Hansell (2002)
  • 11.03
      Part B
    Other Class Activities

  • Due: One-page project proposal and select references.

  • Next Prev WEEK 8. (VETERANS' DAY OBSERVED -- NO CLASS)
    11.10
     
     

    11.10
     
     


    Next Prev WEEK 9. DIGRAPHIA, BILITERACY & THE FUTURE OF SCRIPT REFORM
    11.17
      Part A
    Readings:
  • Chen (1999), Ch. 11 & 12
  • Wang et al. (2005)
  • DeFrancis (2006)
  • Suppl. Rdg: Gao & Pandharipande (2006)
  • 11.17
      Part B
    Other Class Activities

  • Due: Homework Assignment 3.

  • Next Prev WEEK 10. (THANKSGIVING -- NO CLASS)
    11.24
     

     
    11.24
     
     


    Next Prev WEEK 11. FINAL WEEK ACTIVITIES
    12.01
      Part A
    Student Presentations

     
    12.01
      Part B
    Student Presentations and Other Class Activities


    Prev WEEK 12:   EXAM WEEK

    Term paper due: Monday, 4 December 2006, 5:00 p.m.

    (Note: Request for extension must be made by the start of Week 11.)



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    READINGS


    1. TEXTBOOKS.

      1. Chen, Ping. 1999. Modern Chinese: History and Sociolinguistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [See "Reading Selections" below for selected chapters from Chen (1999).]

      2. Erbaugh, Mary S., ed. 2002. Difficult Characters: Interdisciplinary Studies of Chinese and Japanese Writing. Columbus, OH: National East Asian Language Resource Center, Ohio State University. [See "Reading Selections" below for individual authors' chapters in Erbaugh (2002).]

    2. READING SELECTIONS.

      Retrieve e-journal articles at OSU Libraries (click under Quicklinks to select "E-Journals") or go to OhioLINK's Electronic Journal Center (EJC) to locate the e-journal. (At the EJC website, one can also click "Search" at the top menubar to search the database for the specific e-journal article via searching by "Any Field" (default setting), "Article Title", "Author Name", etc.) Readings scanned to PDF format by Electronic Reserves for this quarter's offering of Chinese 680 are available for downloading at OSU Libraries (click under Quicklinks and select either "Reserves by Course" or "Reserves by Professor"). Other readings will be made available during the course.

      1. Boltz, William G. 1996. "Early Chinese Writing." In: The World's Writing Systems. Edited by Peter T. Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press. Pages 191-199.

      2. Boltz, William G. 1999. "Language and writing." In: The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 B.C. Edited by Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Pages 74-123. [Excerpt: Section on "The Chinese Script," pages 106-123] [E-Reserve]

      3. Chan, Marjorie K.M. and Baozhang He. 1988. "A study of the one thousand most frequently used characters." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 23.3:49-68. [PDF file, 1.6 MB]

      4. Chen, Ping. 1999. Modern Chinese: History and Sociolinguistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. [Main Textbook]
        • Chapter   7. "Dialect writing." Pages 114-128.
        • Chapter   8. "Basic features of the Chinese writing system." Pages 131-147.
        • Chapter   9. "Simplification of the traditional writing system." Pages 148-163.
        • Chapter 10. "Phonetization of Chinese." Pages 164-190.
        • Chapter 11. "Use and reform of the Chinese writing system: present and future." Pages 191-201.
        • Chapter 12. "Conclusion." Pages 202-203.

      5. Cheng, W. K. 2001. "Enlightenment and Unity: Language Reformism in Late Qing China." Modern Asian Studies 35.2:469-493. [OSU e-journal artcle]

      6. DeFrancis, John. 2002. "The ideographic myth." [In: Erbaugh (2002), Chapter 1, pages 1-20.]

      7. DeFrancis, John. 2006. "The prospects for Chinese writing reform." Sino-Platonic Papers 171 (June 2006). Pages 1-26. {Note: Freely-downloadable from Sino-Platonic Papers as a PDF file.)

      8. Ettner, Charles. 2002. "In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal?" In: Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men. Volume 2. Edited by Marlis Hellinger and Hadumod Bussmann. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub. Co. Pages 29-55.

      9. Gunn, Eward M. 2006. Rendering the Regional: Local Language in Contemporary Chinese Media. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. [Excerpt: Chapter 4, "Inadequacies explored: Fiction and film in Mainland China." Pages 157-203. (Note: Read with focus on dialect writing.)] [E-Reserve]

      10. Hansell, Mark. 2002. "Functional answers to structural problems in thinking about writing." [In: Erbaugh (2002), Chapter 7, pages 124-176.]

      11. Keightley, David N. 1989. "The origins of writing in China: Scripts and cultural contexts." In: The Origins of Writing. Edited by Wayne M. Senner. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press. Pages 171-202.

      12. Li, David C.S. 2000. "Phonetic borrowing: Key to the vitality of written Cantonese in Hong Kong." Written Language and Literacy 3.2:199-233. [OSU e-journal article]

      13. Mair, Victor H. 2002. "Sound and meaning in the history of characters: Views of China's earliest script reformers." [In: Erbaugh (2002), Chapter 6, pages 105-123.]

      14. T'sou, Benjamin K.Y. 1981. "A sociolinguistic analysis of the logographic writing system of Chinese." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 9.1:1-19.

      15. Tzeng, Ovid J.L. 2002. "Current issues in learning to read Chinese." In: Chinese Children's Reading Acquisition: Theoretical and Pedagogical Issues. Edited by Wenling Li, Janet S. Gaffney, and Jerome L. Packard. Boston, Dordrecht, and London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Pages 3-15.

      16. Tzeng, Ovid J.L. and Daisy L. Hung. 2002. "A phantom of linguistic relativity: Script, speech, and thought." [In: Erbaugh (2002), Chapter 3, pages 52-74.]

      17. Wang, Min, Charles A. Perfetti, and Ying Liu. 2005. "Chinese-English biliteracy acquisition: Cross-language and writing system transfer." Cognition 97:67-88. [OSU e-journal article]


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    SOME SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS AND REFERENCES


    1. Boltz, William G. 1986. "Early Chinese writing." World Archaeology 17.3:420-436.

    2. Boltz, William G. 2003. The Origin and Early Development of the Chinese Writing System. New Haven, Connecticut: American Oriental Society. (Note: First published in 1994 in hardcover, with the paperback edition published in 2003 containing minor corrections and a new preface.)

    3. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 1998. "Gender differences in the Chinese language: a preliminary report." Proceedings of the Ninth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-9) Two volumes, edited by Hua Lin. Los Angeles: GSIL Publications, University of California. Volume 2, pages 35-52. [PDF file, 240 KB]

    4. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 2002. "Concordancers and concordances: Tools for Chinese language teaching and research." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 37.2:1-58. [PDF file, 1.03 MB]

    5. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 2005. "Cantonese opera and the growth and spread of vernacular written Cantonese in the twentieth century." Proceedings of the Seventeenth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-17), edited by Qian Gao. Los Angeles: GSIL Publications, University of Southern California. Pages 1-18. [PDF file, 415 KB (camera-ready, pre-publication version with pagination and bookmarks added and a few typos corrected)]

    6. Chan, Thomas. 2001. Orthographic Change: Yue (Cantonese) Chinese Dialect Characters in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. M.A. thesis, Ohio State University. [PDF file, 3.2 MB]

    7. Chan, Thomas A. 2003. "Character sets and characters: The basis of Chinese language computing." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 38.2:87-108.

    8. Chang, Nien-chuang T. 1981. "The devising and adoption of the Chinese phonetic symbols (zhuyin fuhao)." In: Towards a History of Phonetics. Edited by R.E. Asher and Eugenie J.A. Henderson. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Pages 141-160.

    9. Chiang, William Wei. 1995. We Two Know the Script, We Have Become Good Friends: Linguistic and Social Aspects of the Women's Script Literacy in Southern Hunan, China. Lanham: University Press of America.

    10. Coulmas, Florian. 1989. The Writing Systems of the World. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell.
      (Chapter 6 is on the Chinese writing system, and Chapter 7 is on the adoption of the Chinese script for other East Asian languages.)

    11. Coulmas, Florian. 1996. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Oxford, UK and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers. (First published in paperback, 1999.) [OSU Libraries have two copies, the first is in SUL Reference Stacks (Z40 .C67 1996) for on-site use, and a second copy at OSU Book Depository (Z40 .C67 1996).]

    12. Chao, Yuen Ren. 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    13. DeFrancis, John. 1984. The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    14. DeFrancis, John. 1989. Visible Speech: The Diverse Oneness of Writing Systems. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    15. Erbaugh, Mary S. 2002. "How the ideographic myth alienates Asian Studies from Psychology and Linguistics." In: Mary S. Erbaugh (ed.) Difficult Characters: Interdisciplinary Studies of Chinese and Japanese Writing. Columbus, OH: National East Asian Language Resource Center, Ohio State University. Pages 21-51.

    16. Gao, Liwei and Rajeshwari Pandharipande. 2006 (to appear). "The pragmatics of English use in bilingual advertising." CLS 39, Volume 1: Papers from the 39th Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago: CLS Publications.

    17. Hanley, J. Richard, Ovid Tzeng, and H.-S. Huang. 1999. "Learning to read Chinese." In: Learning to Read and Write: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Edited by Margaret Harris and Giyoo Hatano. Cambridge, U.K./New York: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 173-195.

    18. Hannas, William C. 1997. Asia's Orthographic Dilemma. (With a foreword by John DeFrancis.) Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    19. Karlgren, Bernhard. 1923. Analytic Dictionary of Chinese and Sino-Japanese. by Bernhard Karlgren Paris: P. Geuthner. (Reprints include: Chengwen Pub. Co., Taiwan in 1966; Dover Publications, New York, in 1974; and Asea Munhwasa, Soul T'ukpy'olsi (with Korean introduction), in 1975.)

    20. Karlgren, Bernhard. 1940. Grammata Serica: Script and Phonetics in Chinese and Sino-Japanese. Taipei: Ch'eng-Wen Pub. Co. (Reprinted from the Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, no. 12, 1940.)

    21. Karlgren, Bernhard. 1957. Grammata Serica Recensa. Stockholm: Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities. (Reprinted from The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm. Bulletin no. 29, 1957.)

    22. Logan, Robert K. 1986. The Alphabet Effect: The Impact of the Phonetic Alphabet on the Development of Western Civilization. New York: William Morrow & Co., Inc.
      (Passages from the book include: "Chinese writing has evolved so little from its pictographic origins that contemporary Chinese are able to read texts 3,500 years old." (p.43). "... it is my contention that one of the 'inhibitory factors to the growth of modern science,' ironically enough, was the Chinese ideographic script. It is my belief that the first scientific literature, whether Oriental or Occidental, was destined to be written in an alphabetic script because the alphabet creates the environmental conditions under which abstract theoretical science flourishes." (p.54).)

    23. Mair, Victor H. 1996. "Modern Chinese Writing." In: The World's Writing Systems. Edited by Peter T. Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press. Pp.200-208.

    24. McCawley, James D. 1984. The Eater's Guide to Chinese Characters. Chicago and London: U. of Chicago Press.

    25. Nakanishi, Akira. 1980. Writing Systems of the World: Alphabets, Syllabaries, Pictograms. Rutland; Tokyo: C.E. Tuttle.

    26. Norman, Jerry. 1988. Chinese. Cambridge U. Press. (Chapter 3 is on the history of the Chinese script.)

    27. Packard, Jerome L., Wenling Li, and Janet S. Gaffney (eds.) 2002. Chinese Children's Reading Acquisition: Theoretical and Pedagogical Issues. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    28. Qian, Gaoyin, David Reinking, and Ronglan Yang. 1994. "The effects of character complexity on recognizing Chinese characters." Contemporary Educational Psychology 19:155-166. [OSU e-journal article]

    29. Qiu, Xigui (裘錫圭). 2000. Chinese Writing (文字學概要). Translated by Gilbert L. Mattos and Jerry Norman. [= Early China Special Monograph Series No. 4] Berkeley: The Society for the Study of Early China and the Institute of East Asian Studies.

    30. Ramsey, S. Robert. 1987. The Languages of China. Princeton: Princeton U. Press. (Chapters 1 and 8 concern writing and language reform.)

    31. Sampson, Geoffrey. 1985. Writing Systems: A Linguistic Introduction. Stanford: Stanford U. Press. (Chapter 8 is on "A logographic system: Chinese writing.")

    32. Sergent, Wallace. 1990. A Study of the Oral Reading Strategies of Advanced and Highly Advanced Second Language Readers of Chinese. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

    33. Serruys, Paul L-M. 1984. "On the system of the pu shou in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu." Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology 55:651-753.

    34. Tan, Li Hai, John A. Spinks, Jia-Hong Gao, Ho-Ling Liu, Charles A. Perfetti, Jinhu Xiong, Kathryn A. Stofer, Yonglin Pu, Yijun Liu, and Peter T. Fox. 2000. "Brain activation in the processing of Chinese characters and words: A functional MRI study." Human Brain Mapping 10:16-27. [OSU e-journal article]

    35. Tan, Li Hai, Ho-Ling Liu, Charles A. Perfetti, John A. Spinks, Peter T. Fox, and Jia-Hong Gao. 2001. "The neural system underlying Chinese logograph reading." NeuroImage 13:836-846. [OSU e-journal article]

    36. Tang, Jian. 1996. Prototypes in Lesser Seal Scripts (China, ca. 221 BC - AD 220). Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

    37. Taylor, Insup, and M. Martin Taylor. 1995. Writing and Literacy in Chinese, Korean and Japanese. Amsterdom/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub. Co.
      (Part I on Chinese includes chapters on text writing in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese; reforming of spoken and written Chinese; learning Pinyin and Chinese characters; and history of education and literacy in China.)

    38. Taylor, Insup, and David R. Olson. 1995. Scripts and Literacy: Reading and Learning to Read Alphabets, Syllabaries and Characters. Dordrecht, Boston, and London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
      (Includes In-Mao Liu's article on "Script factors that affect literacy: alphabetic vs. logographic languages," Che Kan Leong's article on "Orthographic and psycholinguistic considerations in developing literacy in Chinese," and Insup Taylor and Kwonsaeng Park's article on "Differential processing of content words and function words: Chinese characters vs. phonetic scripts."

    39. Wang, Jian, Albrecht Inhoff, and Hsuan-chih Chen (eds.) 1999. Reading Chinese Script: A Cognitive Analysis. Mahwah, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    40. Wieger, Léon. 1927. Chinese Characters; Their Origin, Etymology, History, Classification and Signification: A Thorough Study from Chinese Documents. Second edition. Translated into English by L. Davrout. (Reprinted om 1965 by Paragon Book Reprint Corp. (This is enlarged and revised according to the 4th French edition.)

    41. Wilder, George Durand and J. H. Ingram. 1972. Analysis of Chinese Characters. Taipei: Ch'eng Wen Pub. Co.

    42. Woon, Wee Lee. 1987. Chinese Writing: Its Origin and Evolution. Macau: University of East Asia.

    43. Yau, Shun-chiu. 1983. "Temporal order in the composition of Archaic Chinese Ideograms." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 11.2:187-213.

    44. Yin, Binyong and John S. Rohsenow. 1994. Modern Chinese Characters. Beijing: Sinolingua.

    45. Zang, Kehe (臧克和). 1995. Shuowen Jiezide Wenhua Shuojie (说文解字的文化说解) [Published English title: A Cultural Interpretation on Shuowen Jiezi]. Wuhan: Hubei Renmin Chubanshe. (Excerpt: Chapter 3.3 on "Female concept" (女性意象). Pp. 125-142. Optional reading.)

    46. Zee, A. 1990. Swallowing Clouds: A Playful Journey through Chinese Culture, Language, and Cuisine. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press.

    47. Zhou, Minglang. 2001. "Language policy and reforms of writing systems for minority languages in China." Written Language & Literacy 4.1:31-65. [This was an OSU e-journal article]

    48. Zhou, Youguang (周有光). The Historical Evolution of Chinese Languages and Scripts (中国语文的代演进). Translated by Liqing Zhang (张立青). Columbus, OH: National East Asian Languages Resource Center (NEALRC), Ohio State University.

    49. Ziegler, Johannes C., Li Hai Tan, Conrad Perry, and Marie Montant. 2000. "Phonology matters: The phonological frequency effect in written Chinese." Psychological Science 11.3:234-238. [OSU e-journal article]

      .... more to be added ...

      Also see Chinese 683 (Spring 1988): Readings, Chinese 683 (Autumn 2002): Readings, OSU Libraries' collection of works on Xu Shen (Hsu Shen)'s Shuowen Jiezi (Shuo wen chieh tzu), and OSU Libraries' online catalogue subject searches for Chinese characters -- History and Chinese language -- Writing, etc., for publications in Chinese, English, French, Japanese, and other languages.


        Books/Software for Learning to Read and Write Chinese:

    1. Bishop, Tom. 2002. Wenlin Software for Learning Chinese. Version 3.0. User's Guide. Third edition. (First edition (1995) and second edition (1998) were co-authored by Peter Tannenbaum and Tom Bishop.) Portland, OR: Wenlin Institute, Inc.
      (For PCs and Macs, Wenlin 3.x supports Unicode 3.1 and GB18030 (China), which cover over 70,000 Chinese characters, as well as Big5+ (Taiwan). The new Chinese-English dictionary 词典 (dictionary of words and phrases) has over 200,000 entries.)

    2. Björkstén, Johan. 1994. Learn to Write Chinese Characters. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

    3. Fenn, Henry C. (ed.). 1953. Chinese Characters Easily Confused. New Haven, CT: Far Eastern Publications. (Reprinted in 1984 by Lucky Book Co., Ltd., Taiwan.)

    4. Naughton, William, and Ying Li. 1999. Reading & Writing Chinese. Revised edition. Boston and Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing.

      (etc.)


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    Marjorie Chan's Chinese 683: Study of the Chinese Writing System (Autumn 2006)
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    There were 5,764 visitors between 15 February 1998 and 26 August 2006 (2,695 between 02.15.98 and 08.18.02, and 3,069 between 08.18.02 and 08.26.06).
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