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Chinese 680
   
AUTUMN QUARTER 2005


CHINESE 680
Introduction to Chinese Linguistics

Professor Marjorie K.M. Chan
Dept. of E. Asian Lang. & Lit.
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH 43210
U.S.A.

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CREDITS: 5 credits. U G
PREREQUISITES: Chinese 103 or equivalent, or permission of instructor
CALL NUMBER: 04806-8
TIME: T   R    1:30 - 3:18 p.m.
PLACE: 359 Hagerty Hall   (1775 College Road)
(multimedia classroom with internet connection)
OFFICE HOURS: T   3:30 - 5:00 p.m., or by appointment
Office:   362 Hagerty Hall   (1775 College Road)
Tel:        292.3619   (292-5816 for messages, 292.3225 for faxes)
E-mail:   chan.9 @osu.edu   (close the gap)
COURSE PAGE: Chinese 680. Introduction to Chinese Linguistics.
http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9/c680.htm
MC's Home Page:
MC's ChinaLinks:
http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9
http://ChinaLinks.osu.edu

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TEXTBOOKS
  1. Jerry Norman. 1988. Chinese. Cambridge U. Press. (ISBN: 0-521-29653-6 [pbk.])
    . Required. Available from SBX (1806 N. High Street, (Tel) 291.9528).
    (Note that this textbook is also used in Chinese 681 "History of the Chinese Language."). Main Library has a copy of the textbook, as well as Huiying Zhang's Chinese translation of it.

  2. Charles N. Li and Sandra A. Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. Berkeley: U. of California Press. (ISBN: 0-520-04286-7 [pbk.])
    . Required. Available from SBX.

  3. Additional Readings.
    Additional readings are typically e-journal articles that can be retrieved from OSU's online catalog. First, go to OSU Libraries <library.osu.edu>, and under Quicklinks, select "E-Journals" and find the relevant e-journal title. Alternatively, go to OhioLINK's Electronic Journal Center (EJC) to locate the e-journal. (Note that one can also click "Search" at the EJC catalog website to locate a specific e-journal article via author name, article title, etc.) Other readings in the course will be made available during the quarter via Electronic Reserves (see below) and class-internal means.

Main Library Reserve and Electronic Reserves:
Reference books will be placed on Reserve in Main Library (on first floor of Main Library) as needed, as will some readings. Check OSU Libraries <library.osu.edu> for an online list of books and readings placed on Reserve and on E-Reserves for Chinese 680. Under Quicklinks, select either "Reserves by Course" or "Reserves by Professor". (Note: Reserved materials for a given course are listed online for the current quarter only.)


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COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course investigates the phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, lexicon, and writing system of the Chinese language. Also covered briefly are some topics relating language to cognition, culture, and society.

COURSE OBJECTIVES & EXPECTED OUTCOMES
This course is designed to familiarize graduate students, and upper-level undergraduate students in Chinese language and literature, with some basic knowledge of the structure of Mandarin (modern standard) Chinese. The course investigates the phonology and grammar of the language from a functional -- as well as cognitive -- perspective. A few readings have also been included for more detailed study of select topics. In addition, the course examines the Chinese writing system, and introduces some sociolinguistic and cognitive linguistic issues for discussion. This course serves to prepare students for more advanced courses in Chinese linguistics, from theoretical as well as pedagogical perspectives.

Students are expected at the end of the course to have gained a basic knowledge of the linguistic structure of the Chinese as well as some information on such topics as the Chinese writing system. The student should be able to use that foundation to proceed to advanced graduate courses and graduate seminars in Chinese linguistics. A student with a strong Chinese language background should also be able to apply knowledge gained in the course to conduct more advance research on linguistic issues.


COURSE CONTENT
The course will be conducted through lectures combined with class discussions of assigned readings, individual and small-group assignments in class, and students' presentation of homework assignments and their individual research project. A mailing list for the class will also be used for dissemination of information and student-initiated discussions concerning topics brought up in class. All class assignments will be placed online and internally-linked for class-viewing and discussion.

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STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES
  1. Read and reflect on all assigned readings prior to class lectures and discussion.
  2. Attend class regularly, and participate actively in class discussions and individual/group activities.
  3. Submit three homework assignments (each about 4 double-spaced pages, including references).[1]
  4. For the term paper project:
    1. Turn in a one-page, double-spaced, term paper proposal with select references in Week 6.
    2. Present an oral version of the term paper project at the end of the quarter.[2]
    3. Submit a term paper in hardcopy and digital format (about 10-12 pages, double-spaced).[3]
[1] These may be a combination of short reactions papers and written responses to specific questions from the instructor based on the readings. The assignments should be submitted in hardcopy format and in digital format (RTF, PDF, HTML, or some other format) that will be internally-linked for class use. Files are to be uploaded by the students to their personal web subdirectory if they have one; otherwise submitted to the instructor for uploading.

[2] Prepare hardcopy handouts or transparencies, or prepare a digital file in PPT format (for a PowerPoint presentation), or in some other digital file format (PPS, PDF, etc.).

[3] Submit the term paper in hardcopy format and in digital format (RTF, PDF, HTML, or some other format).

All homework assignments and the final term paper are to be placed online and internally-linked for class-viewing.

DISABILITY SERVICES
Students with disabilities that have been certified by the Office for Disability Services will be appropriately accommodated, and should inform the instructor as soon as possible of their needs. The Office for Disability Services is located in 150 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Avenue (Tel: 292.3307. TDD: 292.0901)

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY (ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT)
Academic integrity is essential to maintaining an environment that fosters excellence in teaching, research, and other educational and scholarly activities. Failure to follow the rules and guidelines established in OSU's Code of Student Conduct may constitute "Academic Misconduct." OSU's Code of Student Conduct (section 3335-23-04 Prohibited conduct) defines as academic misconduct "[a]ny activity that tends to compromise the academic integrity of the university, or subvert the educational process." Examples of academic misconduct include (but are not limited to) plagiarism, collusion (unauthorized collaboration), copying the work of another student, possession of unauthorized materials during an examination, and submission of the same work for credit in two (or more) courses. Ignorance of the University's Code of Student Conduct is never considered an "excuse" for academic misconduct; hence, be sure to review the sections dealing with academic misconduct in the Code of Student Conduct. Be sure also to read the University's Ten Suggestions for Preserving Academic Integrity and/or the Eight Cardinal Rules of Academic Integrity (from Northwestern U.). The University's policy on academic misconduct will be enforced in accordance with Faculty Rule 3335-5-54, and all alleged cases of academic misconduct will be reported to the Office of Academic Affairs' Committee on Academic Misconduct (COAM) for resolution. In addition, graduate students should be familiar with the Graduate Student Code of Research and Scholarly Conduct (pdf). Students with questions concerning the University's policies or questions concerning academic or research misconduct are encouraged to ask the instructor any time during the quarter.


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GRADING
There will be no midterm or final examination. Grading will be based on:

Class discussions/participation 30%
Homework assignments (3) 30%
Research project (all phases) 40%
------
100%

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SCHEDULE

Classes are held on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

This is a preliminary schedule. Activities and reading selections may be modified when the quarter begins.


Next Schedule WEEK 1
           9/22 Orientation and Introduction
. Individual web user accounts, library and other research tools, etc.


Next Prev WEEK 2
9/27 Articulatory Phonetics:
Place and Manner of Articulation
  • International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
    . International Phonetic Association and downloadable audio files (wav files) accompanying the languages illustrated in the Handbook of the IPA.
  • The Sounds of the IPA (CD-ROM)
  • Vowels and Consonants (CD ROM Supplement), P. Ladefoged 2005
  • U. of Victoria's Phonetic Database (CD ROM)
  • Speech Internet Dictionary (SID) (online searchable dictionary with illustrations and audio files; use the "Page" pull-down menu to select terms beginning with 'A', 'B', 'C', etc.)
  • Phonetics Resources: Phones & Phonemes of English
  • Online Phonetics Course: IPA, Consonants, Vowels
  • Explore the above links and read ahead for Thursday's class.
  • Supplmentary (Optional) Reading: Chan (2003)
  • 9/29 The Chinese Language and Its Dialects
    Readings:
  • Norman, Ch.6.1-6.2
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.1
  • Li (1973)
  • Li (2004)

  • Linguistic Map: China (U. Texas Lib., 161k)
  • Sino-Tibetan: Chinese (SIL's Ethnologue)
  • Chinese Dialects (Glossika)
  • Samples of Chinese Dialects (City U. of HK)
  • C785: Modern Chinese Dialects

  • Next Prev WEEK 3
    10/04 Phonetics and Phonology
  • IPA charts, romanization charts, etc.
  • Sound files, waveforms, F0 tracings, etc.
    Reading:
  • Norman, Ch.6.3-6.8
  • Shen (1989)
  • Suppl. Readings: Chao (1968, Ch.1.3.6 (stress), Ch.1.3.7 (intonation)

    Syllable ma in: Tone 1 to Tone 4

    Intonation of declaratives and echo Q's containing a syllable in: Tone 1 | Tone 3

    Intonation and ma/a S-final particles preceded by a syllable in: Tone 1 | Tone 2 | Tone 3 | Tone 4

    Due: Homework Assignment 1.

  • Speech Analysis Tutorial
  • MC's ChinaLinks: Romanization Charts

  • 10/06 In-Class Recording & Speech Analysis

  • Commercial products & freeware/shareware for speech analysis

    Comparison of utterances:
    . Chinese 580 (Au00): Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3
    . Chinese 680 (Au00): Set 4 | Set 5


  • Next Prev WEEK 4
    10/11 Typological Description and Grammar
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.2
  • Norman, Ch.7.1-7.5

  • 10/13 Word Structure
    Reading:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.3

  • Next Prev WEEK 5
    10/18 The Metaphorical Use of Language: Gallbladder and Eyes
    Readings:
  • Yu (2003, 2004)

  • C889 seminar on Chinese corpus linguistics

    Due: Homework Assignment 2.

  • 10/20 Simple Declarative Sentences
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.4
  • Norman, Ch.7.6

  • Next Prev WEEK 6
    10/25 Temporal Reference and the Two Le's
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.6.1 & 7.1
  • Suppl. Reading: Chan (1980)
  • 10/27 Negation and Verb Copying
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.12 & 13

    Due: One-page project proposal and select references.


  • Next Prev WEEK 7
    11/01 Ba and Bei Constructions
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.15, & 16
  • 11/03 Imperatives and Questions
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.14 & 18


  • Next Prev WEEK 8
    11/08 Sentence-Final Particles
    Readings:
  • Li & Thompson, Ch.7
  • Wu (2005)

  • C889 seminar: "Intonation and SFPs"

  • 11/10 Language Use in Context: Spoken Discourse
    Readings:
  • Sun (2004)
  • Wang and Tsai (2005)

    Due: Homework Assignment 3.


  • Next Prev WEEK 9
    11/15 The Chinese Script and China's Language Policy
    Readings:
  • Coulmas (1989)
  • Norman, Ch. 10
  • Norman, Ch. 7.7 (background reading)

  • 11/17 Fifty Years of Script and Written Language Reform
    Reading:
  • Rohsenow (2004)

      Guest Lecturer: Jing Yan (DEALL)
    "Literacy Practices and Social Identities: Switching Between Two Writing Systems Among Cantonese-Mandarin Biliterates in Canton City of China"
     


  • Next Prev WEEK 10
    11/22 Language and Gender
    Readings:
  • Chan (2000)
  • Zhang (2005)
  • Suppl. Reading: Chan (1998)
  • MC's online lg. & gender bibliography

  • 11/24

    Thanksgiving Day - no class


    Next Prev WEEK 11
    11/29 Student Presentations
     
    12/01 Student Presentations


    Prev WEEK 12:   EXAM WEEK

    Term paper due: Tuesday, 6 December 2005, 12:00 noon

    (Note: Request for extension must be made by the end of Week 11.)



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    READINGS
    1. TEXTBOOKS. (Specific chapters are assigned.)

      1. Norman, Jerry. 1988. Chinese. Cambridge U. Press. [PL1075 .N67 1988]
      2. Li, Charles N. and Sandra A. Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. Berkeley: U. of California Press. [PL1107 .L5 1981]


    2. ADDITIONAL READINGS.

      Retrieve e-journal articles at OSU Libraries (click under Quicklinks to select "E-Journals") or go to OhioLINK's Electronic Journal Center (EJC) to locate the e-journal. (At the EJC website, one can also click "Search" at the top menubar to search the database for the specific e-journal article via searching by "Any Field" (default setting), "Article Title", "Author Name", etc.) Readings scanned to PDF format by Electronic Reserves for this quarter's offering of Chinese 680 are available for downloading at OSU Libraries (click under Quicklinks and select either "Reserves by Course" or "Reserves by Professor"). Other readings will be available through class-internal means.

      (For reference: Charts, figures, tables.)

    1. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 2000. "Gender, society, and the Chinese language." Conference-closing keynote lecture presented at the Eleventh North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL 11) (18-20 June 1999, Harvard University). The NACCL-11 proceedings volume was compiled by Baozhang He and Wenze Hu. Cambridge: East Asian Language Programs, Harvard University. [PDF file (198 KB, with pagination added as a stand-alone file)]

    2. Coulmas, Florian. 1989. The Writing Systems of the World. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, Inc. (Excerpt: Chapter 6, "An alternative to the alphabet: The Chinese writing system", pp. 91-110. [E-Reserves for Chinese 680]

    3. Li, Fang-kuei. 1973. "Languages and dialects of China." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 1.1:1-13.
      (A condensed version, which first appeared in 1937 in the Chinese Year Book, Shanghai, was the first scientific classification of the Chinese language into dialect groups, together with other language families spoken in China.)

    4. Li, Wen-Chao Chris. 2004. "Conflicting notions of language purity: the interplay of archaising, ethnographic, reformist, elitist and xenophobic purism in the perception of Standard Chinese." Language and Communication 24.2: 97-133. [OSU e-journal article]

    5. Rohsenow, John S. 2004. "Fifty years of script and written language reform in the PRC: The genesis of the Language Law of 2001." In: Minglang Zhou (ed.), Language Policy in the People's Republic of China: Theory and Practice Since 1949. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Pages 21-43. [E-Reserves for Chinese 680]
      [Also see PRC's 2000 language and script law (中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法) at URL 1 or URL 2 (GB).]

    6. Shen, Xiao-nan. 1989. "Interplay of the four citation tones and intonation in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 17.1:61-74.

    7. Sun, Hao. 2004. "Opening moves in informal Chinese telephone conversations." Journal of Pragmatics 36.8: 1429-1465. [OSU e-journal article]

    8. Wang, Yu-fang and Pi-Hua Tsai. 2005. "Hao in spoken Chinese discourse: relevance and coherence." Language Sciences 27 (2005) 215-243. [OSU e-journal article]

    9. Wu, Ruey-Jiuan Regina. 2005. "'There is more here than meets the eye!': The use of final ou in two sequential positions in Mandarin Chinese conversation." Journal of Pragmatics 37 (2005) 967-995. [OSU e-journal article]

    10. Yu, Ning. 2003. "Metaphor, body, and culture: The Chinese understanding of gallbladder and courage." Metaphor and Symbol 18.1: 13-31. [OSU e-journal article]

    11. Yu, Ning. 2004. "The eyes for sight and mind." Journal of Pragmatics 36: 663-686. [OSU e-journal article]

    12. Zhang, Qing. 2005. "A Chinese yuppie in Beijing: Phonological variation and the construction of a new professional identity." Language in Society 34, 431-466. [OSU e-journal article]


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    SOME SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS AND REFERENCES


    1. Cao, Congsun. 1994. "Trends in Chinese loan-words." Journal of Macrolinguistics 5 (May 1994):114-119.

    2. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 1980. "Temporal reference in Mandarin Chinese: an analytical-semantic approach to the study of the morphemes le, zai, zhe, and ne." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 15.3:33-79. [See PDF file (.42 MB)]

    3. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 1996a. "Sound symbolism and the Chinese language." Proceedings of the 7th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL) and the 4th International Conference on Chinese Linguistics (ICCL). Two volumes, edited by Tsai Fa Cheng et al. 1996. Los Angeles, CA: GSIL Pub., U. of Southern California. Vol. 2, pp. 17-34. [See PDF file (210 KB)]

    4. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 1996b. "Some thoughts on the typology of sound symbolism and the Chinese language." Proceedings of the 8th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-8). Two volumes, edited by Chin-chuan Cheng et al. 1996. Los Angeles, CA: GSIL Pub., USC. Vol. 2, pp. 1-15. [See PDF file (210 KB)]

    5. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 1998. "Gender differences in the Chinese language: a preliminary report." Proceedings of the Ninth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics. Two volumes, edited by Hua Lin. Los Angeles: GSIL Publications, University of California. Volume 2, pages 35-52. [See PDF file (240 KB)]
      (See also some general observations on gender differences in education and opportunities in the concluding remarks in my 1998 article, "Sentence particles je and jek in Cantonese and their distribution across gender and sentence types." In: Engendering Communication: Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Women and Language Conference. April 24-26, 1998, Berkeley, California. Edited by Suzanne Wertheim, Ashlee Bailey, and Monica Corston-Oliver. 1998. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Women and Language Group. Pages 117-128.)

    6. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 2002. "Concordancers and concordances: Tools for Chinese language teaching and research." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 37.2:1-58. [See PDF file (1.03 MB)]

    7. Chan, Marjorie K.M. 2003. "The digital age and speech technology for Chinese language teaching and learning." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 38.2:49-86. [See PDF file (2.7 MB)]

    8. Chan, Marjorie K.M. and Baozhang He. 1988. "A study of the one thousand most frequently used characters." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 23.3:49-68. [See PDF file (1.6 MB)]

    9. Chang-Smith, Meiyun. 2000. "Empirical evidence for prototypes in linguistic categorization revealed in Mandarin numeral classifiers." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 35.2:19-52.

    10. Chao, Yuen Ren. 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley: University of California Press. (Excerpts: Chapter 1.3.6 "Stress," Chapter 1.3.7 "Intonation," and Chapter 8.5 "Particles.")

    11. Chen, Jianmin. 1994. "Why 'He Tongjian' changed her name." Journal of Macrolinguistics 5 (May 1994):88-90.

    12. DeFrancis, John. 1984. The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    13. DeFrancis, John. 1989. Visible Speech: The Diverse Oneness of Writing Systems. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. (Excerpt: Part of Chapter 3, "Syllabic systems", pp.89-121.)

    14. Emerson, Tom. 2001. "Segmentation of Chinese Text". Multilingual Computing and Technology, #38 Volume 12 Issue 2. (Various approaches to the problems of separating the components of a sentence. Part of Multilingual Computing: Feature Articles.)

    15. Ettner, Charles. 2002. "In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal?" In: Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Women and Men. Volume 2. Edited by Marlis Hellinger and Hadumod Bussmann. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub. Co. Pp. 29-55.

    16. Farris, Catherine S. 1988. "Gender and grammar in Chinese: with implications for language universals." Modern China 14.3:277-308.

    17. Hong, Wei. 1995. "An analysis of language changes in China since the 1980's." Linguistische Berichte 156:143-154.

    18. Hong, Wei. 1997. "Language changes in Chinese: evidence from the service industry." Linguistische Berichte 167:23-31.

    19. Hong, Wei. 2002. "How does power affect Chinese politeness?" Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 37.2:59-73.

    20. Hu, Mingyang (胡明扬). 1987. "Putonghua he Beijinghua" (普通话和北京话) (Putonghua and Beijinghua). Part II. In: Beijinghua Chu Tan (北京话初探)
      (The online article is a GB-encoded TEXT file at Hu Wenze's Chinese Dialectology webpage that is part of Hu Wenze and Tao Hongyin's Chinese Linguistics Page.)

    21. Hu, Mingyang (胡明扬). 1991. "Beijinghua shengmu W de yinzhi" (北京话声母W音值) (Phonetic value of W initial in Beijing speech). In: Yuyanxue Lunwen Xuan (语言论文选) (Selected Writings in Linguistics). Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin Daxue Chubanshe. Pp. 244-245.
      (This online article is a UTF8-encoded webpage (converted from an earlier GB-encoded webpage that was based on Hu Wenze's original MS Word 6 DOC file housed at the Chinese Linguistics website.)

    22. Lan, H.R. 1994. "Her beauty is EATABLE: a culturo-linguistic study." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association XXIX.3:79-97.

    23. Li, Wendan. 2000. "Numeral-classifiers as a grounding mechanism in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 28.2:337-368.

    24. Liao, Chao-chih. 1994. A Study on the Strategies, Maxims, and Development of Refusal in Mandarin Chinese. Taipei: Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.

    25. Liao, Chao-chih. 1997. Comparing Directives: American English, Mandarin and Taiwanese English. Taipei: Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.

    26. Liao, Chao-chih and Mary I. Bresnahan. 1996. "A contrastive pragmatic study on American English and Mandarin refusal strategies." Language Science 18.3-4:703-727. [OSU e-journal article]

    27. Lin, Huey Hannah. 2005. Contextualizing linguistic politeness in Chinese -- A Socio-pragmatic Approach with Examples from persuasive sales talks in Taiwan Mandarin. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

    28. McCawley, James D. 1984. The Eater's Guide to Chinese Characters. Chicago and London: U. of Chicago Press.

    29. Meng, Guo. 1994. "Euphemism and social psychology." Journal of Macrolinguistics 5 (May 1994):105-113.

    30. Packard, Jerome L. 2000. The Morphology of Chinese: A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    31. Ramsey, S. Robert. 1987. The Languages of China. Princeton: Princeton U. Press.

    32. Shen, Xiao-nan. 1990. The Prosody of Mandarin Chinese. Berkeley: U. of California Pr. (Excerpts: Chapter 1 "Introduction" and Chapter 2 "Basic intonation patterns of Mandarin Chinese")

    33. Shi, Yu-zhi. 1996. "Proportion of extensions: the primary cognitive basis for shape-based classifiers in Chinese." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 32.2:37-60.

    34. Sung, Margaret. 1979. "Chinese language and culture: a study of homonyms, lucky words and taboos." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 7.1:15-28.

    35. Tai, James H-Y. 1993. "Iconicity: motivations in Chinese grammar." In: Mushira Eid and Gregory Iverson (eds.), Principles and Prediction: The Analysis of Natural Language. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co. Pp.153-173.

    36. Tseng, Miao-Fen. 1999. A Pragmatic Study on Speech Acts in Chinese Invitational Conversations. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

    37. Ye, Lei. 1995. "Complimenting in Mandarin Chinese." In: Gabriele Kasper (ed.), Pragmatics of Chinese as Native and Target Language. Honlulu: U. of Hawaii Press. Pp. 207-302.

    38. Yin, Binyong and John S. Rohsenow. 1994. Modern Chinese Characters. Beijing: Sinolingua.

    39. Yu, Ning. 2000. "Figurative uses of finger and palm in Chinese and English." Metaphor and Symbol 15.3:159-175. [OSU e-journal article]

    40. Yuan, Yi. 1998. Sociolinguistic Dimensions of the Compliment Event in the Southwestern Mandarin Spoken in Kunming, China. Ph.D. dissertation, Indiana University.

    41. Zeng, Suzanne Marie. 1996. A Pragmatic Study of Chinese Interrogatives. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Hawaii at Manoa.

    42. Zhou, Minglang. 2001. "Language policy and reforms of writing systems for minority languages in China." Written Language & Literacy 4.1:31-65. [OSU e-journal article]

    43. Zhou, Minglang (ed.). 2004. Language Policy in the People's Republic of China: Theory and Practice Since 1949. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    44. Zhu, Hua, Wei Li, and Yuan Qian. 2000. "The sequential organisation of gift-offering and acceptance in Chinese." Journal of Pragmatics 32:81-103. [OSU e-journal article]


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    SOME WWW RESOURCES



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    cardinal To cite this page:
    Marjorie Chan's Chinese 680: Introduction to Chinese Linguistics (Autumn 2005)
    <http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9/c680_a05.htm> [Accessed   <DATE> ]
    visitors since 6 June 1996.
    This webpage received 6,313 hits between 6 June 1996 and 21 August 2006. (219 hits from 06.06.96 to 09.06.98, 612 hits from 09.06.98 to 09.12.99, 612 hits from 09.12.99 to 09.02.00, 636 hits from 09.02.00 to 09.03.01, 795 hits from 09.03.01 to 08.18.02, 1,042 hits from 08.18.02 to 09.14.03, 639 hits from 09.14.03 to 08.20.04, 762 hits from 08.20.04 to 09.19.05, and 993 hits from 09.19.05 to 08.07.06.) Originally created on 6 June 1996; revised since for each course offering, with the most recent major revision for Autumn Quarter 2005.
    Last update: 21 August 2006 (for archiving purposes).

    The photo used as the logo was originally from the website of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden (中山公園). This garden, which is located in Vancouver Chinatown, Canada, and just half a block from my mother's dwelling, is the only full-sized classical Chinese garden outside China. Although built in the 1980's, it used the ancient techniques of the originals that were built in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644).
    Copyright © 1996-200x Marjorie K.M. Chan. All rights reserved on course syllabus and on-line materials developed for the course.

    URL:     http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/chan9/c680_a05.htm